Huawei Ascend
Vendor: Huawei
Category: NPU Neural Processor
Architecture: Da Vinci
Introduction
Huawei Ascend AI processor series, including training chip Ascend 910B/910 and inference chip Ascend 310P/310. Paired with CANN (Huawei AI Compute Framework) and MindSpore deep learning framework, widely used in domestic AI infrastructure construction.
Specifications
| Model | Compute | Memory | Interface | TDP | Process |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascend 910B | 280 TFLOPS (FP16) / 560 TOPS (INT8) | 64GB HBM2e | OAM | 310W | 7nm |
| Ascend 910 | 256 TFLOPS (FP16) | 32GB HBM2 | PCIe 4.0 | 300W | 7nm |
| Ascend 310P | 70 TOPS (INT8) | 24GB LPDDR4X | PCIe 4.0 | 75W | 12nm |
| Ascend 310 | 22 TOPS (INT8) | 8GB LPDDR4 | PCIe 3.0 | 8W | 12nm |
Official Website
Driver Downloads
Linux
Related Documentation
- Ascend Documentation Center
- CANN Installation Guide
- Ascend NPU PyTorch Adapter (torch_npu)
- MindSpore Tutorials
OS Support
| Windows | Linux | macOS | Android |
|---|---|---|---|
| ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
Version History
| Version | Release Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| CANN 8.0 | 2024-Q4 | 910B comprehensive optimization + MindSpore 2.x |
| CANN 7.0 | 2024-Q1 | torch_npu PyTorch native adaptation |
| CANN 6.0 | 2023-Q1 | 3D Cube architecture deep optimization |
Performance Benchmarks
| Model | Task | Performance Metric |
|---|---|---|
| Ascend 910B × 8 | GPT-3 175B Training | ~1.5 days (official data) |
| Ascend 910B | Llama 2 70B Inference | ~80 tok/s (FP16) |
| Ascend 310P | Image Classification/Detection | ~2000 img/s (ResNet-50) |
| Ascend 310 | Edge Inference | 8W ultra-low power |
Pricing
| Model | Reference Price | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ascend 910B | Contact vendor | Primarily sold through Atlas product line |
| Ascend 310P | Contact vendor | Atlas 300I Pro |
| Ascend 310 | Contact vendor | Atlas 200 DK developer kit |
Quick Installation
Linux (Ubuntu 22.04 / EulerOS)
# 1. Install Ascend driver and firmware
sudo ./Ascend-cann-npu-driver_*.run --install
# 2. Install CANN toolkit
sudo ./Ascend-cann-toolkit_*.run --install
# 3. Set environment variables
source /usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/set_env.sh
# 4. Verify installation
npu-smi info
Code Examples
Python (torch_npu)
import torch
import torch_npu # Ascend NPU extension
# Use NPU backend
device = torch.device("npu:0")
x = torch.randn(1024, 1024, device=device)
y = torch.matmul(x, x)
print(f"NPU matrix multiply: {y.shape}")
print(f"NPU device: {torch.npu.get_device_name(0)}")
MindSpore (Ascend Native Framework)
import mindspore as ms
# MindSpore automatically uses Ascend NPU
context.set_context(device_target="Ascend")
x = ms.Tensor(np.random.randn(1024, 1024), ms.float32)
y = ms.ops.matmul(x, x)
print(f"MindSpore NPU multiply: {y.shape}")
Architecture Highlights
- Da Vinci Architecture: 3D Cube compute unit, optimized for matrix multiplication; Cube units accelerate Transformer attention computation
- CANN Full Stack: Compute Architecture for Neural Networks — complete software stack from driver to compiler to operator library
- torch_npu: PyTorch's Ascend NPU backend, API highly consistent with CUDA backend, low migration cost
- MindSpore: Huawei proprietary full-scenario AI framework, automatic differentiation + distributed training
Model Compatibility
| Model/Framework | Support | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| MindSpore | ✅ Native | Best support |
| PyTorch | ✅ torch_npu | CUDA-API compatible |
| TensorFlow | ⚠️ | Via CANN adaptation |
| Llama / Qwen and similar LLMs | ✅ | MindIE / torch_npu both supported |
| PaddlePaddle | ⚠️ | Under adaptation |
| Speech/Vision Models | ✅ | ModelScope support |
Large-Scale Cluster Deployments
Based on global AI supercomputing cluster statistics, Huawei Ascend has accumulated over 6,000 chips deployed across 1 publicly disclosed cluster.
Chip Model Statistics
| Chip Model | Total Deployed | Cluster Count |
|---|---|---|
| Huawei Ascend 910B | 6,000 | 1 |
Notable Deployment Clusters Top 10
| # | Cluster Name | Total Chips | Chip Model | Operator |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Huawei Pangu Ultra MoE 910Bs | 6,000 | Huawei Ascend 910B ×6,000 |
Related Products
If you're evaluating alternatives, the following products may also fit your scenario:
- Cambricon Siyuan 590 — Cambricon (ASIC Dedicated Accelerator)
- Kunlunxin Gen 2 / Gen 3 — Baidu (GPU Graphics Processor)
- Groq LPU v1 — Groq (LPU Language Processor)
- AMD Ryzen AI NPU — AMD (NPU Neural Processor)
- NVIDIA GPU / CUDA — NVIDIA (GPU Graphics Processor)
- Intel Gaudi 3 — Intel Habana (ASIC Dedicated Accelerator)
- Nexchip Dragon Series — Nexchip (NPU Neural Processor)